HLTH 101

The reference list appears at the end of the paper on a page separate from the text of the essay. Each source you cite in the paper must appear in your reference list. The reference list provides the information necessary for a reader to locate and retrieve any source that you cite in your paper. 

The basic principle behind all APA Style references is that a reference should contain:

• Author surname and initials
• Date of publication
• Title of the work
• Publication or source data

These four elements must always appear in the same order: Author, A. (Year of Publication). Title. Source.

When formatting your reference list, follow these standards:

• Label the page References, centered at the top of the page.  Do not bold, underline, or use quotation marks for the title.
• Arrange your sources in alphabetical order by the last name of the author or by title if no author exists.
• For multiple articles by the same author, list the entries in chronological order, from earliest to most recent.
• Double-space the reference list.
  

Example of a Reference List.

For more information, please refer to: Purdue Online Writing Lab (OWL), Reference List: Basic Rules or the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association. 

A DOI (digital object identifier) is a permanent digital identifier given to an object. It is most commonly used to identify electronic documents and acts as a permanent address for finding information online because online material can potentially change URLs.

The DOI replaces the need to cite the URL and the date that the information was retrieved. The only exception to this rule is for content that changes over time, such as wikis, discussion boards, or even commercial Web sites.

Basic Format for Books

Author, A. (Year of publication). Title of work. Location: Publisher.

Example:

Davidson, A. (2015). Social determinants of health:          A comparative approach. Don Mills, ON: Oxford University               Press.

Basic Format for Articles with no DOI

Author, A. (Date of publication). Title of article. Title of Journal, volume number, page range. Retrieved from http://www.address.com/full/url/

Example:

Coburn, D., Denny, K., Mykhalovskiy, E., McDonough, P., Robertson,       A., & Love, R. (2003). Population Health in Canada: A Brief       Critique. American Journal Of Public Health, 93(3), 392-      396. Retrieved from: http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?

Basic Format for Articles with DOI assigned

Author, A. A., Author, B. B., & Author, C. C. (Date of publication). Title of article. Title of Journal, volume number, page range. http://dx.doi.org/xxxxx or doi:0000000/0000000

Example:

Raphael, D. (2012). Educating the canadian public about the social    determinants of health: The time for local public health action is    now. Global Health Promotion, 19(3), 54-   59. doi:10.1177/1757975912453847

For additional exampes and more information, please refer to: Purdue Online Writing Lab (OWL), Reference List: Electronic Sources (Web Publications) or the APA Style Guide to Electronic References.