Skip to Main Content
QUL logo

Legal Citation with the Canadian Open Access Legal Citation Guide (the COAL Guide)

This guide provides an introduction to legal citation with the COAL guide.

Citing Books

This is the citation pattern for books (see section 3.1 for more details):

CITATION ELEMENTS: Author or editor, | title, | edition [if applicable] | (publisher, | year of publication) | pinpoint [if applicable].

EXAMPLE: J.C.Y Liew & D. Galloway, Immigration Law, 2nd ed (Irwin Law, 2015). 

Citation Breakdown:

A. Author's Name

  • initial(s) and last name
  • use an ampersand (&) to connect two authors

B. Book Title

  • the title should be in italics

C. Edition Number

  • include if this is not the first edition (do not superscript st, nd, rd or th following the number)

D. Publisher

  • write the name of the publisher as it appears on the title page

E. Year of Publication

  • use the copyright date of the book unless a specific year of publication is given

F. Pinpoint

  • Pinpoint to a page or section. See the following examples:

    J.C.Y Liew & D. Galloway, Immigration Law, 2nd ed (Irwin Law, 2015) at p 73.

    R.J. Delisle, Evidence: Principles and Problems (Carswell, 1984) at p 129.